Graphic design is a highly competitive field that requires both innate creative talent.
And a diverse set of technical and soft skills that are acquired through education and experience.
Below are some of the key qualifications and credentials needed to succeed as a graphic designer.
Formal Education
A bachelor’s degree in graphic design or a related field like visual communications is typically the minimum education required for most graphic design jobs. Useful undergraduate degrees include:
- Graphic Design
- Digital Media Design
- Visual Communication
- Digital Art & Design
- Interactive Media
Key courses in a graphic design program provide foundations in topics like:
- Typography - Studying the history, styles and use of typefaces. Advanced coursework focuses on custom font design.
- Design Theory - Learning core principles of composition, color, hierarchy, and other elements of effective visual communication.
- Digital Design - Mastering tools like Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign to create digital graphics, illustrations, layouts, and photo manipulations.
- Motion Graphics - Animating graphic elements using video editing and motion graphic tools.
- Print Production - Learning the technical processes of preparing artwork for professional printing.
- Photography - Developing photographic skills and using digital images as design elements.
- Art History - Gaining inspiration from movements like Bauhaus, De Stijl, Swiss design, and understanding historical context.
Many designers pursue Master's degrees as well to gain more specialized skills in areas like user experience design, animation, 3D modeling, etc.
Technical Proficiency
Graphic designers need to master a wide repertoire of software programs, design skills and technical workflows including:
- Expertise with Adobe Creative Cloud applications like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. This is the industry standard software suite used by designers.
- Working knowledge of HTML and CSS to design for the web and integrate with web developers.
- Animation and motion graphics skills using tools like After Effects. This allows creating engaging branded videos and graphics.
- Video editing prowess through programs like Premiere Pro to produce video content.
- Branding and visual identity design expertise. This includes creating style guides, logos, and cohesive branding systems.
- Print production skills to work with vendors and prepare artwork for professional printing.
- Photo editing and manipulation techniques using Photoshop.
- UI/UX design knowledge to craft intuitive digital experiences.
- 3D modeling and VR/AR skills for cutting edge design.
Standout Portfolio
A stellar design portfolio is the most critical element for landing an entry level design role. The portfolio should present 10-15 projects that demonstrate your:
- Creative vision and problem solving abilities across different project types and design challenges.
- Technical proficiency across the software and tools you utilized.
- Range across mediums like print, digital, branding, UI, packaging, etc.
- Process for taking projects from concept to completion.
- An understanding of marketing and effective visual communication.
- Unique design perspective and personal style.
- Ability to work independently and manage projects.
The portfolio is typically presented via a personal design website and/or Behance profile. It should highlight your versatility as a designer while also clearly communicating your specialties.
Relevant Certifications
Certifications from respected institutions provide additional credentials that can enhance a graphic design career:
- Adobe Certified Associate (ACA) Certification covers skills in Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, Premiere Pro, and other CC apps.
- Adobe Certified Expert (ACE) Credential is an advanced certification for expert Adobe users.
- Google Analytics Individual Qualification (GAIQ) for digital marketing and data skills.
- Facebook Blueprint Certification for social media marketing expertise.
- Apple Certified Pro in Final Cut Pro for professional video editing skills.
- Avid Certified User for Media Composer demonstrates professional video editing abilities.
Soft Skills
Graphic designers also require strong soft skills and intangibles like:
- Creativity and imagination to generate visual concepts.
- Organizational abilities to juggle multiple projects and priorities.
- Communication skills to collaborate with clients, present work, explain design decisions.
- An eye for aesthetics including composition, color, and style.
- Business acumen to understand branding and marketing objectives.
The Takeaway
Pursuing a career in graphic design requires creativity, technical skills, and proper qualifications.
The most important element for landing a job is a standout portfolio that demonstrates your creative vision, style, and technical abilities across a diverse range of projects.
Relevant certifications in software programs and design skills can provide additional credentials.
With the right blend of creative talent, technical expertise, and qualifications like education and an impressive portfolio, you can establish yourself as a skilled graphic designer prepared for a rewarding career in this exciting field.
